Characteristics of titanium and titanium alloys, use

Medical titanium plate Titanium is a silvery white metal, it has many excellent performance. The density of titanium is 4.54g / cm3, 43% lighter than steel, lighter than the prestigious magnesium slightly heavier. Grade 2 titanium the mechanical strength of steel but with similar, twice as big as aluminum, five times larger than magnesium. Titanium, high temperature, melting point 1942K, higher than gold near 1000K, higher than the steel near 500K.

Grade 1 titanium sheet belong to the chemical nature of lively titanium metal. It can be non-metallic effect with O2, N2, H2, S, and halogen heating. However, at room temperature, dense surface of the titanium oxide protective film easy to generate very thin layer, can resist even aqua regia acid role, exhibit strong corrosion resistance. Thus, the general metal becomes riddled with acid, alkali, salt solution and titanium are safe and sound.
Uses Titanium: titanium alloy has high strength and density and small, good mechanical properties, good toughness and corrosion resistance.

Classification of titanium and three matrix organization

Medical titanium plate is allotrope, a melting point of 1668 ℃, when less than 882 ℃ It showed a close-packed hexagonal lattice structure called α titanium; body-centered cubic lattice structure at 882 ℃ or more were called β titanium. The use of the different characteristics of the two titanium structure, add the appropriate alloying elements, so that the phase transition temperature and relative content of gradual change and get different organizations alloy (titanium alloys). At room temperature, medical grade titanium There are three basic body tissue, titanium will be divided into the following three categories: α alloy, (α + β) alloys and β alloys. Chinese, respectively TA, TC, TB represents.
α Titanium

Medical grade titanium alloy is a single-phase alloy consisting of α-phase solid solution, either at ambient temperatures or at higher temperatures the practical application, are the α-phase, organizational stability wear resistance higher than pure titanium, a strong antioxidant capacity. At a temperature of 500 ℃ ~ 600 ℃, and maintains its strength and creep resistance, but can not be heat strengthened, strength at room temperature is not high.
β titanium

It is a single-phase alloy consisting of β-phase solid solution,
Titanium alloy dagger
Titanium alloy dagger
That did not have a high intensity heat treatment, quenching and aging alloy has been further strengthened, the room temperature strength of up to 1372 ~ 1666 MPa; but poor thermal stability, and should not be used at high temperatures.

The history of the development and use of titanium

From the discovery of titanium element to obtain pure product, which lasted a hundred years. And titanium plates really get use to recognize the true face of its original, it is the 1940s after the thing.
Earth's surface ten kilometers thick formations, titaniferous of six thousandths, more than 61 times the copper content in the crust is ranked tenth (ranking elements in the crust: oxygen, silicon, aluminum, iron, calcium, sodium, potassium, magnesium, potassium, titanium), just a handful of dirt from the ground, which contains a few thousandths of titanium, the world's reserves of more than ten million tons of titanium is not rare.
Titanium easy and air react at high temperatures, but the melting point up to 1668 ℃. At room temperature, titanium afraid aqua regia and dilute nitric acid corrosion, but more than 5% sulfuric acid corrosion intolerance and 7% hydrochloric acid corrosion. (Medical titanium plate  are not afraid of the water at room temperature, it was once a piece of titanium sink to the bottom, take up five years later a look, sticky above many small animals and undersea plant, but he is not rusty, still shiny.
People began to use titanium to make submarines - titanium submarines. Because titanium is very strong and can withstand high pressure, this submarine can sail at a depth of 4500 meters in the d eep sea.

Cutting - like a punch in the desired shape punched out the hair department. Concentric shape of 
titanium, the maximum titanium grade 2 sheet cutting thickness of 3.2 mm, the maximum thickness of the irregular shape of the wool is 1.3 mm. 1.3 mm thick titanium plate below, filling the mold with the soil to create a tolerance of 0.1 mm; But for titanium wins 3.2 meters below, shall tolerances down to ± 0.025 mm. Warming will reduce the thickness of titanium cutting edge cracks. Die should titanium plate having rigidity, the upper and lower guide post to maintain the exact relative positions of the mold. When the material thickness increase, such a requirement is more urgent. Less rigid medical titanium process equipment will cause mold damage and cattle production sheet metal edge 

Material development of titanium

1 . Full titanium : Frame in addition to the screws and plastic gloves for outside , all metal parts made of titanium material .
2 . Nickel titanium package : Borders titanium material, grade 2 titanium wire  the surface material using a nickel package , and now this frame no longer exists.
3 . Assembled Titanium: Due to the high cost of production of nickel and titanium package to update the device , it is not updated before , assembled titanium frames as the situation , but this product is dangerous because each metal has a different melting point, literally Putting it together will be very fragile. Early nickel- titanium frame thin titanium sheet package passes flattened angle , it 's not like a factory original border distribution of production so mean , so after use , nickel, and titanium -coated layer that will break out and no way to weld repair , titanium also includes assembling such a situation .
4 . Nickel-plated titanium : In order to reduce costs, make it easier on the production, but also come up with a factory nickel plated titanium . So then processed using conventional welding techniques .

Medical grade titanium alloy Marine titanium welding process

In recent years, many new ships began extensive use of titanium alloy . With the increase in the amount of titanium alloy materials , shipyard welding to enhance efficiency , product quality and stability , the need to develop some efficient titanium welding process. TA5 two kinds of titanium Shanghai Jiangnan Shipbuilding in titanium grade 4 thickness of 4mm Ti70 and 16 mm for welding object, plasma arc welding , laser welding and laser - arc hybrid welding seamless titanium tube welding three high energy density of the process carried out explore, get the excellent performance of welded joints
A plasma arc weldingPlasma arc welding is the use of plasma arc welding method as a heat source . Gas heated by the arc generated from the solution , a nozzle at high speed compressed by water , and increasing the energy density of the solution from forming a plasma arc. Its stability , heat and temperature are higher than the arc , and thus has a greater penetration power and welding speed .

Titanium bars Performance and titanium alloys are widely used in industry

titanium grade 2 sheet because of its high strength, heat resistance, corrosion resistance, widely applied in industry . Especially in aviation, aerospace , shipbuilding and other industries , mostly used in the manufacture of titanium alloy key components , its performance is good or bad usually determines the level of the product . Therefore , national research institutions to put a lot of manpower, material and financial resources to carry out its melting alloys and equipment , forming process research and development , writing papers , and many thousands of monographs . However, the study of titanium melting process with little , limited studies have limited studied. Titanium because of its high melting point, titanium grade 4 chemical activity , thermal properties between the elements of the big difference , so the smelting process of melt composition and temperature control is very difficult, and the melt composition and temperature directly determine the quality of titanium . Therefore , to identify qualitative and quantitative variation of melt composition, temperature and process parameters , alloy itself between thermal parameters have important practical significance for guiding titanium melting , smelting practice for other alloys also have important reference value